The Canary Islands are an archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean, off the northwest coast of Africa. The Canary Islands are home to dozens of endemic species and subspecies of vascular plants, including the endemic genera "Allagopappus", "Bethencourtia", "Dicheranthus", "Gesnouinia", "Gonospermum", "Ixanthus", "Parolinia", "Pleiomeris", "Rivasgodaya", "Rutheopsis", "Todaroa", and "Vieraea". Although the Canary Islands are politically part of Spain, the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions treats the Canary Islands as distinct botanical country. The Canary Islands are part of Macaronesia, a biogeographical region which also includes the Azores, Cape Verde Islands, Madeira, and the Selvagens.
Plants are listed alphabetically by plant family. Extinct and presumed extinct species are indicated with †.