Sulcatidens is an extinct genus of agamid lizard from the Early Miocene of Australia. Fossils are known exclusively from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area in Queensland. It contains only one species, S. quadratus.
Discovery and naming.
The holotype specimen, QM F18010, of "Sulcatidens" was discovered from the 'Wayne's Wok' site at the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, in the Boodjamulla National Park of north-western Queensland. It consists of a partial maxilla retaining teeth. In addition, an incomplete maxilla was also referred to the species. It was described alongside other agamid material from Riversleigh by Covacevich "et al." in 1990.
The generic name is derived from the Latin word "sulcare" ("to furrow"), in reference to the notches in the middle of the posterior maxillary teeth. The specific name comes from the Latin "quadratus" ("to make square"), which refers to the square-like shape of the posterior maxillary teeth.
Description.
The teeth of "Sulcatidens", and all other agamids, are described as acrodont, as they are attached to the apex of the jaw bone. The four posterior most maxillary teeth are roughly square in appearance and situated close to one another. When viewed occlusally, the teeth have a flattened labial surface. It differs from all other agamids in that the posterior most maxillary teeth have distal edges that are notched into the mesial edge of the preceding tooth.
Paleobiology.
"Sulcatidens" is known exclusively from the 'Wayne's Wok' site at Riversleigh, which dates to the Early Miocene. At the time, Riversleigh was covered in a permanently wet and closed canopy rainforest environment.